Dental tartar is composed of various mineral salts, organic material, bacteria, serum and food particles. In the early stages of accumulation, the material is soft, but as time passes, it becomes hard and adheres to the teeth. Tartar builds up under the gum line as well as below it. Tartar is visible as a yellow to brown material on the tooth surface, usually near the gum, or gingival line.
Continual accumulation causes pressure, inflammation and infection of the gums (gingivitis) and eventually recession of the gum tissue and bone, which loosens the teeth.
Severe gum recession causes pockets of inflammation deep under the visible gum line, which can expose tooth roots and lead to abscess formation. When both teeth and gums are involved,
Even in mild cases, the breath may become foul smelling and the mouth can be a dangerous source of infection for the heart, liver, kidneys and lungs.
It is currently known that some of the internal diseases of mature dogs and cats are the result of diseased teeth and gums. Bacteria can travel through the blood stream to vital organs like the heart, liver, lungs, and kidneys and shorten a pet's life.
Treatment consists of a complete dental cleaning under anesthesia, antibiotics and removal of severely damaged teeth or abscessed tissue. Good home dental care, including tooth brushing, can reduce tartar formation and gum disease. Tartar control treats and certain chew toys can also be helpful. Feeding a dry food helps prevent plaque and tartar buildup in the mouth.
IMPORTANT POINTS
- Home dental care is always important!
- Your pet needs a complete professional dental cleaning if tartar or gum disease is present. Early care can save a pet's life, reduce anesthesia time and prevent tooth loss.
- Dry food helps keep teeth cleaner.
If you have questions about this or any medical topic, please contact your Banfield hospital today.