Dogs and cats have two glands located just inside the anal opening called anal sacs, or anal glands. The glands are normal structures that produce fluid with an unpleasant odor. These sacs can become infected, inflamed, or cancerous.

Symptoms vary, in some pets, full sacs may cause irritation that manifests itself as scooting, licking or chewing at the area. Having the sacs emptied by trained personnel can usually relieve the discomfort if the glands are otherwise normal.

Sacs that are irritated or not able to empty well may become clogged (impacted) which can lead an anal gland abscess. Abscesses are usually very painful, swollen, and may drain. Cancer can also arise in the glands, producing a swollen or ulcerated mass near the anus.

Diagnosis is usually based on symptoms and physical examination. Laboratory testing may also be necessary.

Treatment varies with the type and severity of the disease. Infected or inflamed glands will require antibiotics. Abscesses may require
surgical drainage and wound care at home in addition to antibiotics. Sacs that cause recurrent problems or become cancerous may need to be surgically removed.

*** IMPORTANT POINTS

• Your pet's anal sacs may need to be expressed frequently by a health care professional.

• Use all medications as prescribed by your veterinarian.

• Monitor your pet's progress carefully and have him/her rechecked as directed by your veterinarian.